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Due Diligence – Ensuring that sufficient analysis has been conducted before recommending an investment to a client.
Easement – right to use the land of another. The most common easements are 'right of way'. e.g. where a property owner grants a right to an adjoining owner for that owner to use part of the land to gain access to the adjoining owners land.
Encumbrance – an interest or right in property which usually diminishes the value of the land but does not prevent the transfer of ownership. Any impediment to the use of the land including such things as easements, mortgages, caveats, notices of intention to resume, or leases which are registered on the title are encumbrances.
Established home - A home that has been lived in previously.
Fittings – items that can be removed from a property.
Fixtures – items affixed to the structures of the land, usually in such a manner that they cannot be removed without damaging the property. The agent must list all fixtures to be included on the contract.
Freehold or fee simple – highest form of ownership. An owner can use the land in any way desired, subject to usual zonings and other government controls.
Group Title – similar to freehold except that title also includes common property owned jointly. This must involve a body corporate. Each lot has its own certificate of title and a registered number of entitlements. Entitlements include voting rights and contribution of levies to the body corporate. These may not always be equal. The body corporate owns roads, common areas, facilities and equipment supplied.
Investment property - Land or a building, (or part of a building), held to earn rental income or for capital appreciation, or both. An investment property generates cash flow largely independently of other assets held, and this is the characteristic that distinguishes investment property from owner-occupied property.
Investor – A person who invests money prudently and productively over the longer term with the investment objectives being achievement of a reasonable return and capital growth (appreciation) to preserve purchasing power. The opposite of a Speculator, who will sacrifice safety of principal, for the possibility of larger gains.
Joint Tenant – two or more ways in which two persons may own property together. The rule of survivorship applies. When a joint tenant dies then the surviving joint tenant automatically gains entitlement to the deceased person's share of the property. Joint tenants have equal share.
Market Value - As defined by the courts, the highest price estimated in terms of money which a property will bring if exposed for sale in the open market allowing a reasonable time to find a purchaser who buys with knowledge of all the uses to which it is adapted and for which it is capable of being used and assumes a willing buyer and willing seller.
Off the plan (Also known as Off Market) – when you buy off the plan, you are buying a property before it is built, having only seen the plans. This is commonly used for apartments or units under construction or about to be built.
POA – price on application. You may see this in a real estate advertisement.
Portfolio (as in property portfolio) – the number and type of investment properties you own.
Self Managed Superannuation Fund (SMSF) – A superannuation fund can be a self-managed superannuation fund (SMSF) if it meets the following conditions:
A SMSF can also have a company as a trustee (known as a corporate trustee) if:
Some of the advantages people see in running their own superannuation fund are:
Strata Title – system of land title based on the horizontal sub-division of air space whereby all the owners combined own the land, but have absolute right to sell / transfer their strata-titled property to a new owner. Most common form of strata title is home units.
Torrens Title - Most common and simplest form of an individual certificate of title to a property.
Torrens System – This is the name given to a system whereby title to land is evidenced by one document issued by a Government Department.
Trust Account – bank account relating to monies received or held by an agent or a developer for or on behalf of another person. Monies held in trust are protected at law.
Vendor/Seller – person / entity that offers a property for sale
FIRB – Foreign Investment Review Board – examines proposals by foreign people and companies to invest in Australia and advises the Treasurer on those subject to the Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975 and Australia's foreign investment policy.
FIRB purchaser – a "foreign person" purchaser that requires FIRB approval in order to be able to legally purchase a property.
Foreign Person - The term Foreign person means:
Building approval – the number of dwellings approved to be constructed in a given month, quarter or year.
Final inspection report - A certification issued by a local council or building inspector that building works for a home are complete and the home is ready to be lived in.
Right of Way – A person may have a right to cross your property to gain access to his/her own property or there may be a public pathway across the land.
Square – An old imperial unit of area measurement. 1 square = 10 feet x 10 feet in area, which in metric measure is equivalent to 9.29m2.
Strata Title – system of land title based on the horizontal sub-division of air space whereby all the owners combined own the land, but have absolute right to sell / transfer their strata-titled property to a new owner. Most common form of strata title is home units.
Subdivision – a parcel of land divided into individual lots.
Urban Renewal - The process of rehabilitating urban (city) areas, by demolishing, remodelling or repairing existing structures and buildings, public buildings, parks, roadways and individual areas on cleared sites in accordance with a more or less comprehensive plan.
Stamp duty – (Also called Transfer Duty) a state government tax on the transfer of property calculated on the value of the property.
Certificate of Title – The document of title to land held under the 'Torrens Title' system. It shows who owns the land, and whether it is subject to mortgage, lease, easement or any other dealing which may adversely effect a potential buyer.
Conveyancing – the process that legally transfers property ownership from one entity to another.
Group Title – similar to freehold except that title also includes common property owned jointly. This must involve a body corporate. Each lot has its own certificate of title and a registered number of entitlements. Entitlements include voting rights and contribution of levies to the body corporate. These may not always be equal. The body corporate owns roads, common areas, facilities and equipment supplied.
Joint tenants – each owner has equal shares and rights in the property.
RP – Registered Plan – plan number in the Titles Office. The RP number is the sub-divisional plan which includes the dimensions and details of the particular parcel of land.
RPD – Real Property Description – method of describing a particular parcel of land. E.g. Lot 3 on RP 546789 identifies the plan number and then the particular lot number. A plan search at the Titles Office would give an agent or a potential buyer a copy of the sub-divisional plan and dimensions of each lot on the plan.
Settlement – occurs when the buyer becomes entitled to possession of the property. A formal settlement occurs when the owners hand to the buyer the executed transfer documents and the Certificate of Title in exchange for payment of the balance of purchase monies.
Tenants in common – two or more buyers own a property with unequal shares and rights.
Title Deed – document showing ownership of property. Also records details of any mortgage, encumbrance and area.
Transfer - The document used to transfer the interests of a registered proprietor to a purchaser by means of lodgement at, and acceptance by the titles office.
Appraisals/valuations – a written report of the estimated value of a property, usually prepared by a valuer.
Appreciation – an increase in value.
Basis Point – A measurement of fluctuation of an investment, equal to 1/100 of one percent.
Capital Growth (Capital Gain) – Appreciation in the capital or market value of an investment. The amount by which your investment property has increased relative to what you paid for it. For example if you bought a property for $400,000 and it's now worth $500,000, you've made a capital gain of $100,000. The difference between the purchase price and selling price in the sale of an asset (the actual profit made)
Consumer Price Index (CPI) – An index measuring the prices at various times of a selected group of goods and services which typify those bought by ordinary Australian households. It allows comparisons of the relative cost of living over time, and is used as a measure of inflation.
Diversification – The spreading of investment funds among classes of securities and localities in order to distribute and control risk. This is a fundamental law of investing, meaning simply: "Don't put all your eggs in one basket".
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